Figure 4
Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assays of CasAQP-1 expressions in larvae at various developmental stages exposed to ASW at 30 (open bar) and 15 (closed bar) ppt. The data are presented as mean ± 1 SE (n = 5–9). Statistical significance among the larvae exposed to 30 ppt treated groups is determined at P <0.05 and noted in capital letters, and the 15 ppt treated groups are noted in lower case letters (one-way ANOVA and Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison tests). Statistical significance between the two groups was determined using the Student’s t-test and noted at P <0.05: *; P <0.001 <***.