Thermodynamic quantities and Urmia Sea water evaporation

Aquatic Biosystems

Table 1 Chemical composition of Urmia lake water derivatives obtained by modelling the isothermal evaporation of Urmia lake water at 25°C and at the starting point of mineral precipitation

Ions	Urmia Sea water (mol/kg H₂O)	Initial point of halite (NaCl) Precipitation (mol/kg H₂O)	Initial point of carnalite (KMgCl₃.6H₂O) Precipitation (mol/kg H₂O)
Na⁺	4.900	5.6457	3.78
K⁺	0.005	0.005759	0.018
Mg²⁺	0.46125	0.5314	1.62
Ca²⁺	0.015625	0.018	0.055
Cl^-	5.400	6.22105	15.3
Br^-	0.00625	0.0072	0.022
HCO ₃ ^-	0.0098	0.011295	0.343
SO ₄ ^-	0.18125	0.0834	0.0494
l	6.477	7.211	13.03
f _enrich	1	1.1525	3.5
αH₂O	0.775	0.741	0.499
ρ(g/cm³)^a	1.2030	1.2142	1.3186

^a The density values were calculated by the method described in Krumgals et al. [27]