Table 3 Lacustrine sedimentary processes operating in saline lakes of the northern Great Plains; after [10, 117, 158, 178].

Shallow Water-Shallow Basin & Shallow Water-Deep Basin Lakes

Cyclic flooding & desiccation

Wind setup

Wind-controlled localization of salt ppt

Aeolian influx

Deflation

Pedogenesis

Intrasedimentary salt precipitation

Formation of subsurface salt cements & hardgrounds

Formation of carbonate crusts

Precipitation of salts at air-water interface

Formation of crystal rafts & aggregates

Evaporative pumping

Formation of efflorescent crusts

Microbialite formation

Formation of vegetation mats

Development of meromixis

Subaqueous cumulate & bottom salt ppt

Formation of salt spring deposits

Formation of rounded accretionary salt grains

Reworking/redistribution of clastic salts

Temperature-induced mineral transformations

Phase changes

Formation of salt cements

Salt karsting

Mud diapirism

Sediment disruption by freeze-thaw

Remobilization & reworking of fine-grained clastics

Deep Water-Deep Basin Lakes

Development of meromixis

Bio-mediated carbonate precipitation

Evaporite carbonate precipitation

Formation of subaqueous salt cumulates

Solute concentration by formation of ice

Freeze-out precipitation of salts

Sulfate reduction, sulfide mineral ppt

Cyclic and rhythmic sedimentation

Clay mineral authigenesis

Development of thermal stratification

Turbidity flow, interflow

Flocculation of fine-grained material

Shoreline erosion

Delta sedimentation